Yoga Wikipedia. This article is about the umbrella term yoga which includes religion, philosophy, and practices. For one of the six Hindu philosophy schools, see Yoga philosophy. For the popular yoga that explains and emphasizes the physical practices or disciplines, see Hatha yoga. For other uses, see Yoga disambiguation. Male and female yogis from 1. India. Yoga 1Sanskrit, Listen is a group of physical, mental, and spiritual practices or disciplines which originated in ancient India. There is a broad variety of yoga schools, practices, and goals in Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism. Among the most well known types of yoga are Hatha yoga and Rja yoga. The origins of yoga have been speculated to date back to pre Vedic. Indian traditions it is mentioned in the Rigveda,note 1 but most likely developed around the sixth and fifth centuries BCE,8 in ancient Indias ascetic and ramaa movements. The chronology of earliest texts describing yoga practices is unclear, varyingly credited to Hindu Upanishads. The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali date from the first half of the 1st millennium CE,1. West in the 2. 0th century. MICROWAVE WEEK INVITATION FROM THE GENERAL CHAIR. Bienvenue Montral Yes indeed, we are all very much excited about IMS2012, which is finally coming to Montral. We investigate Raman spectra of graphite oxide and functionalized graphene sheets with epoxy and hydroxyl groups and StoneWales and 585 defects by first. A History of Heterodox Economics, Frederic Lee 9783540095057 3540095055 Seminaire de Probabilites XIII, C. Dellacherie. Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati was born Bimala Prasad at 330 pm on 6 February 1874 in Puri a town in the Indian state of Orissa famous for its ancient temple of. Strength Of Materials Book By Sadhu Singh Pdf' title='Strength Of Materials Book By Sadhu Singh Pdf' />Hatha yoga texts emerged around the 1. Yoga gurus from India later introduced yoga to the west, following the success of Swami Vivekananda in the late 1. In the 1. 98. 0s, yoga became popular as a system of physical exercise across the Western world. Yoga in Indian traditions, however, is more than physical exercise it has a meditative and spiritual core. One of the six major orthodox schools of Hinduism is also called Yoga, which has its own epistemology and metaphysics, and is closely related to Hindu Samkhya philosophy. Despite considerable research, there is little scientific evidence that yoga is beneficial for physical health, and it may cause muscular or spinal injuries, although it may improve mental health both for healthy people and for those with illnesses. Clinical studies on the health effects of yoga generally are of poor quality. On December 1, 2. UNESCO as an Intangible cultural heritage. Etymology. In Sanskrit, the word yoga comes from the root yuj which means to add, to join, to unite, or to attach in its most common senses. Court Referral Community Service Program. By figurative extension from the yoking or harnessing of oxen or horses, the word took on broader meanings such as employment, use, application, performance compare the figurative uses of to harness as in to put something to some use. All further developments of the sense of this word are post Vedic. More prosaic moods such as exertion, endeavour, zeal, and diligence are also found in Indian epic poetry. There are very many compound words containing yoga in Sanskrit. Yoga can take on meanings such as connection, contact, union, method, application, addition and performance. In simpler words, Yoga also means combined. For example, guyoga means contact with a cord chakryoga has a medical sense of applying a splint or similar instrument by means of pulleys in case of dislocation of the thigh chandryoga has the astronomical sense of conjunction of the moon with a constellation puyoga is a grammatical term expressing connection or relation with a man, etc. Thus, bhaktiyoga means devoted attachment in the monotheistic. Bhakti movement. The term kriyyoga has a grammatical sense, meaning connection with a verb. But the same compound is also given a technical meaning in the Yoga Sutras 2. According to Pini, a 6th century BCE Sanskrit grammarian, the term yoga can be derived from either of two roots, yujir yoga to yoke or yuj samdhau to concentrate. In the context of the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali, the root yuj samdhau to concentrate is considered by traditional commentators as the correct etymology. In accordance with Pini, Vyasa who wrote the first commentary on the Yoga Sutras,2. According to Dasgupta, the term yoga can be derived from either of two roots, yujir yoga to yoke or yuj samdhau to concentrate. Someone who practices yoga or follows the yoga philosophy with a high level of commitment is called a yogi may be applied to a man or a woman or yogini traditionally denoting a woman. Goals. The ultimate goal of Yoga is moksha liberation, although the exact definition of what form this takes depends on the philosophical or theological system with which it is conjugated. According to Jacobsen, Yoga has five principal meanings 2. Yoga, as a disciplined method for attaining a goal Yoga, as techniques of controlling the body and the mind Yoga, as a name of one of the schools or systems of philosophy darana Yoga, in connection with other words, such as hatha, mantra, and laya, referring to traditions specialising in particular techniques of yoga Yoga, as the goal of Yoga practice. According to David Gordon White, from the 5th century CE onward, the core principles of yoga were more or less in place, and variations of these principles developed in various forms over time Yoga, is a meditative means of discovering dysfunctional perception and cognition, as well as overcoming it for release from suffering, inner peace and salvation illustration of this principle is found in Hindu texts such as the Bhagavad Gita and Yogasutras, in a number of Buddhist Mahyna works, as well as Jain texts Yoga, as the raising and expansion of consciousness from oneself to being coextensive with everyone and everything these are discussed in sources such as in Hinduism Vedic literature and its Epic Mahbhrata, Jainism Praamaratiprakarana, and Buddhist Nikaya texts Yoga, as a path to omniscience and enlightened consciousness enabling one to comprehend the impermanent illusive, delusive and permanent true, transcendent reality examples are found in Hinduism Nyaya and Vaisesika school texts as well as Buddhism Mdhyamaka texts, but in different ways Yoga, as a technique for entering into other bodies, generating multiple bodies, and the attainment of other supernatural accomplishments these are, states White, described in Tantric literature of Hinduism and Buddhism, as well as the Buddhist Smaaphalasutta James Mallinson, however, disagrees and suggests that such fringe practices are far removed from the mainstream Yogas goal as meditation driven means to liberation in Indian religions. White clarifies that the last principle relates to legendary goals of yogi practice, different from practical goals of yoga practice, as they are viewed in South Asian thought and practice since the beginning of the Common Era, in the various Hindu, Buddhist, and Jain philosophical schools. Schools. The term yoga has been applied to a variety of practices and methods, including Jain and Buddhist practices. In Hinduism these include Jnana Yoga, Bhakti Yoga, Karma Yoga, Laya Yoga and Hatha Yoga. The so called Raja Yoga refers to Ashtanga Yoga, the eight limbs to be practiced to attain samadhi, as described in the Yoga Sutras of Pantajali. The term raja yoga originally referred to the ultimate goal of yoga, which is usually samadhi, but was popularised by Vivekananda as the common name for Ashtanga Yoga. Hinduism. Classical yoga. Yoga is considered as a philosophical school in Hinduism. Yoga, in this context, is one of the six stika schools of Hinduism those which accept the Vedas as source of knowledge.